A team of researchers from Jülich in cooperation with the University of Magdeburg has developed a new method to measure the electric potentials of a sample at atomic accuracy. Using conventional ...

A new kind of microscope is giving scientists a way to watch life inside cells with a clarity that feels almost unfair.

This relatively simple circuit uses a 6-V DC supply with a PWM current-source configuration to provide efficient, adjustable dimming of a white LED over a wide range, needed to accommodate the unique ...

The earliest example of a stereo microscope was designed and built-in 1671 by Cherubin d’Orleans, though it was a pseudostereoscopic design, which had major flaws. Only by application of additional ...

IN a recent paper 1 I derived formulæ expressing the distribution of light in the geometrical focal plane of optical systems of high relative aperture; and, using these formulæ, curves were given ...

A microscope’s job is to magnify the minuscule world around us. We can observe the tiniest objects, organisms and materials, and investigate their form, texture and composition, to witness what would ...