This is a summary of: Liu. H. et al. Viral RNA blocks circularization to evade host codon usage control. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09809-y (2025).

In eukaryotes, translation initiation is the most highly regulated phase of the translation cycle 1. Its goal is to assemble the large (60S) and small (40S) ribosomal subunits into an ...

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Genes must be expressed in precise levels and at the exact moment if the complex balance regulating cell activity is to be maintained. Messenger RNA (mRNA) conveys genetic information from DNA to ...

An initiation complex has been formed in high yields from E. coli ribosomes, 9S messenger RNA for rabbit hemoglobin, and N-formylmethionine-tRNA. Initiation factor IF-3 is required for the binding and ...

The virusoid associated with rice yellow mottle virus encodes its own proteins; is it the exception that proves the rule, or the first of many more to come? It’s axiomatic in reviews of virusoids that ...