Abstract: We report the characterization of a balanced ultrafast photodetector. For this purpose, we use a recently developed time-domain laser-based vector network analyzer (VNA) to determine the ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Vikki Velasquez is a researcher and writer ...

Julia Kagan is a financial/consumer journalist and former senior editor, personal finance, of Investopedia. Toby Walters is a financial writer, investor, and lifelong learner. He has a passion for ...